wayne



(No Model.)

t e e h S m e e h. S 4

R O T Rm Nm m B WN I -G UN E MM A E T S ,152.' Patented Mar. 5. 1895.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.. M. J. WAYNE. STEAM ENGINE INDICATOR.

,152. Patented Mar. 5, 1895.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. M. J. WAYNE.

, STEAM ENGINE INDICATOR.

1 I0.535,152 Patented Mar. 5,1895.

(N0 ModeLj 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. M. J. WAYNE.

STEAM ENGINE INDICATOR.

No. 535,152 Patented Mar. 5, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MOSES J. VAYNE, OF PRITTLEWELL, ENGLAND.

STEAM-ENGINE INDICATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 535,152, dated March 5, 1895.

Application filed December 5, 1893. Serial No. 492,870. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MosEs JOHN WAYNE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Prittlewell, in the county of Essex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Indicators, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to that class of engine indicators in which a small reciprocating rotary motor is used to give motion to the diagram tracing point. Heretofore such reciprocating rotary motor has been formed with a cylinder, two fixed abutments diametrically opposite to each other within the cylinder, a double piston fitting against the sides and periphery of the spaces in said cylinder, and an inlet and outlet passage to each of such spaces. These inlets have however been in communication with a way or passage extending fully half round the cylinder and connected with a single centrally situated passage or way. The consequence has been that that part of the wall of the cylinder forming one side of the half circular passage, has been snbj set to different degrees of expansion as compared with the other part of the cylinder. It has consequently warped out of shape and thereby impaired the action of the motor. According to my invention I remedy this evil and generally improve the construction of the indicator.

Myimproved indicator is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front View, Fig. 2, alet't hand end View, and Fig. 3, a plan, of the indicator complete. Fig. & is an end view of the motor cylinder and other parts. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig.6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the piston axle and the loose end of the cylinder on such axle. Fig. 8 is an end view of the parts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a side view and Fig. 10 an end view of a slotted cap screwing on to the piston axis. Fig. 11 is a vertical section through the axis of the drum connected with the paper carrying slide. Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively cross sections of parts drawn on the lines 12-12 and 13-13 of Fig. 3. Figs. 14 and 15 are elevations, drawn at right angles to each other, of the tracer pointer. Fig. 16 is an end view thereof.

Fig. 17 is an elevation, partly in section, of the spring tracer apart from its carrier. Fig. 18 is a sectional side view and Fig. 19 is a plan of the manually operated limiting mechanism and Fig. 20 is a plan of part thereof separately. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the indicator with the manually operated limiting mechanism, showing it in operation. Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the instrumentin operation without the limiting mechanism. Fig. 23 is a side view and Fig. 21 is a cross section of the automatically operated limiting mechanism.

a is the cylinder, of the reciprocating rotary motor which is fixed in the casting A. The cylinder has two inlet ports a two fixed abutments a and two outlets a (Fig. 6).

According to my invention I place the inlet passages a' in communication with two passages a' separated from each other at their connection with the cylinder 0, by which means I solidly support the lower part of the cylinder at and thereby prevent warping of the cylinder at this portion and consequent binding of the piston, and thus secure a correct action of the motor. I also, instead of allowing the outlet passages a to communicate at once with the open air, attach to one end of the cylinder an inclosing cap a forming a chamber, into which the outlets a open, and I make an outlet opening at the lower side of such cap and attach thereto a tube a to conduct the water of condensation away from the cylinder at (Figs. 5, 21, and 22.

b is a double oscillating piston fitting the cross section of the space within the cylinder, the axle, 1) of which passes through both ends, a a of the cylinder (Figs. 21 and 22). The part b has a cross out o in its outer end and a screw thread Z) around it (Fig. 7.) The cylinder end a (Figs. 4 and 5) is a fixture but the cylinderend a (Figs 7 and S), is removable. This latter fits accurately within a recess a (Fig. 5) on the cylinder at and is provided with a stud a which fits a recess (b 110 prevent any rotary movement of the end a with the piston axle, and it is held in position by a screw cap (L13 (Figs. 1, 3, 21, and 22). This end a has two studs (0 (Figs. 1, 3,7, and S) fixed therein; and a cylindrical doubly coiled wire spring 0 is attached at one end to a plate 0 formed with a central hole to pass loosely over the part b of the axle and with two perforations to [it the studs a The other end of the spring has the wire passing diametrically across it to fit the cross cut 11 A screw cap D (Figs. 9 and 10) screwed on to the thread (1 retains the spring 0 in position by means of helical slots d in its two opposite sides acting against the cross wire of the spring 0. A cross slot 61 in the outer end of such cap (Z communicates with such helical slots (1 to enable the cross wire of the spring 0 to enter and leave the same. The ends of the spring may however be otherwise fitted. The spring will thus-act on the piston axle in a contrary direction to the motive force.

I fix on the outer end of the part b of the piston axis a tracer pointer of any suitable construction, (Figs. 14,15,16 and 17) butl prefer to form it of a conical tube (2 having a socket e to fit over the part b of the axle 2e and a divided rear extension or jaws c with clamping screw 6 to adjustably fix it on the axle.

The tracer point e is passed through a sleeve 6* which is split and sprunginward at its lower end so as to facilitate adjustment and hold the point e firmly enough during its action on the record paper. The sleeve 6* passes through a screw plug 6 which is screwed into a collar e at the larger end of 0 the tube e, and a spring 6 located between a collar 6 and the inner end of the plug 6 presses the point a forward but permits slight endwise motion when in use. The internally threaded collar c" is cut partly through at e 5 and the parts forced toward each other so as to form a kind of lock nut to securely hold the plug 6 against becoming loose by vibration when in use. The socket e is fitted with a stud e which enters a slot Zr in the end of the part Z1 of the piston axle to secure the racer in correct position.

I employ a sheet of record paper X, see Figs. 21 and 22, mounted in a carrier consisting of a dovetailed slidef (Fig. 2) mounted between 5 guides 9 carried by a bracket 9 and having at each end a clip consisting of fixed segmentally curved jaws f and correspondingly curved spring jaws f fitting shallow recesses along the faces of the fixed jaws. The paper, by being placed between the jaws f f is held stretched in the form of a segment of a cylinder struck from the piston axis.

A narrow segmentally curved supporting table 9 having a slightly recessed face, is fixed to the bracket or frameg to support the record paper at each side of the part where the tracer e presses thereon.

The slide bracket g is mounted on a stud or axis g passing through the indicator frame B, and it has fixed thereto a finger piece g, a corresponding finger piece 9 being fixed to the frame B, while a spring g acts to keep such finger pieces normally separated from each other and the slide fin the position shown by full lines in Fig. 3, thereby keeping the record paper out of reach of the tracer e until, by pressing the said finger pieces g 9 toward each other, the paper carrier is caused to turn on its axis g and so bring the paper within reach of the tracer e.

The indicator is fixed on a stop cock 7L by means of a ball and socket joint to facilitate adaptation of the same to any peculiarities of position, and, in order to facilitate connection of the same, I fit a spring 71,2 under the union collar h to keep the same raised, thereby enabling the engineer to connect the indicator by simply turning the union collar it without having at the same time to press it upward.

The slidef is moved to and fro as follows: To the right hand end of the slide f'is connected one end of a cord 2' which passes partly round a drum having a hollow shaft 9" mounted on a hollow spindle 7.; fixed in the indicator frame B. The cord then passes through a guide eollarj and between a pair of guide rollers j, and its other end is connected to a moving part of the engine. The collarj is mounted in a bearing made in the end of an arm 7' which latter is mounted on the hollow spindle It. By these means the cord 2' can be led from the indicatorin any desired direction. One end of a cord, wire or steel band Z is fixed to the left hand end of the slide fand it is passed around the drum j in the opposite direction to the cord i and is fixed at its outer end to such drum. A cylindrically coiled wire spring m is inelosed within the hollow spindle 7t and it is connected at one end to the upper end of the hollow shaft j of the drum, and at the other end to the opposite end of the hollow spindle is. The spring in has, at its upper end, a fitting 117. having studs m fitting in slots (Fig. 2) in the end of the shaftj,aud the lower end of said spring has a fitting m provided with studs m passing into pairs of slots 76' formed in the lower end of the hollow spindle 7;, whereby the strength of the spring m can be regulated. This spring may however be otherwise mounted.

If desired instead of employing the above arrangement of bands and springm for operating the slide f, I may dispense with the spring m and attach a cord to each end of the slide and carry said cord around the drum in opposite directions and connect the same to any suitable oscillating instrument operated by the engine. I also removably attach to the indicator, an apparatus whereby each motion of the tracer is limited to a small portion of the range, the limiting motion controlling the tracer over the entire range so that the dia gram is taken in small parts, as represented at Fig. 21. This limiting mechanism can be worked by hand, see Figs. 1 to 21, or automatically by the means shown at Figs. 23 and 2%. For this purpose, and when operating the limiting mechanism by hand, I use a worm n gearing into a segment of a worm or toothed wheel 0 concentric with the piston axis (Fig. 18). On the axis of the worm n I fix a handle a by which it can be rotated. The segment XOO 0 has pinjointed thereto a pin 0 which loosely i fits a transverse hole Z)* formed in the part b of the piston axis (Figs. 2, l8, and 23), thereby permitting only a slight motion of the piston, and consequently of the tracer, at each action. Thus, when the segment 0 is connected with the piston axis by inserting the pin 0 into the hole I) of the latter and the steam or other motive force is allowed to act upon the piston, the latter can move only through part of its range so far as the pin 0 allows the said piston-axis to play, but as the worm it gradually moves the segment 0, so the loosely connected parts will gradually move through the entire range and allow the tracer to trace the diagram piece by piece till completed. The worm n is'mounted in a frame p and the segment 0 is mounted in a segmental bearing 19' in said frame. The latter is shaped to fit over the top of the cap a and it is provided with a screw stud p which passes between horns A on the top of the casting A and, by the aid of a binding nut 13 screwing thereon and provided with a conical face to screw against a correspondingly shaped seat in the horns A, enables the said limiting mechanism to be readily connected with and disconnected from the indicator. The nut 17 is at the end of a spindle provided with a button 29 by which it can be readily rotated.

The automatically operated limiting mechanism represented at Figs. 23 and 24: is constructed and fixed in position on the indicator in a similar manner to that above described, with the exception that the worm a and operating handle a are dispensed with and in lieu thereof the toothed segment 0 receives a slight impulse at each action of the piston, the extent of motion being limited, by the escape and stop pawls q q, to a single tooth of the segment 0. Pawl q is mounted on a pin g while pawl q is pivoted at g to pawl g and is acted upon by a spring g which acts to keepthe pawls normally in, and to return them to, the position shown in the drawings. Thus, when the toothed segment 0 is moved forward by the action of the piston, it raises the pawl q out of the teeth and depresses the pawl q into them, so as to release only one tooth at a time. The pawls q q are carried by a plate g which is connected to the frame 19 at one end by a pin q and is pressed down at the other end by a screw 4 to keep the pawls q q in position to act on the toothed segment 0 when such limiting mechanism is required to operate, but when it is not required to work, the screw 1" is turned back, when the spring 5 will act to raise the plate 1 with the pawls q q away from the toothed segment 0, or the frame 19 and parts carried thereby maybe entirely removed from the indicator by the means hereinbefore described.

It is obvious that without the pin 0 inserted in the loose hole of the piston axis Z) b the piston I) would be free to move from one end to the other of the space in the cylinder a, that is to say, through its entire range at each action of the steam thereon. When however the pin 0 is passed through the hole in the piston b b the latter can only turn at each action of the steam thereon as far as the loose hole and pin 0 will allow it and back again-that is,it will make a short vibrating motion at each action of the steam thereon; but as the position of the pin 0 is gradually changed by the gradual movement given to the rack 0 it will be seen that the indicator piston Z) with the tracer c rigidly fixed to its axis 1) b can only reach the one or other end positions in the indicator cylinder according to the position of the circular rack 0, while it will all the time retain its vibratingmovement limited by the pin 0 and loosely fitting hole in the indicator piston. Thus the tracer 6 can only produce a short portion of the diagram at each action of the steam on the indicator piston but as it is permitted by the rack 0 gradually to move through its entire range of motion it will produce a diagram step by step as shown at Fig. 21 ot the drawings.

Without the limiting mechanism the indicator will produce adiagram in the ordinary manner, as indicated by Fig. The diagram may be taken on the ordinary diagram paper by means of a brass tracer, but, according to my invention, I use a dull unglazed soft-faced paper anda tracer of steel or other hard material not liable to wear, by which means I produce a diagram by means of a line burnished on the said paper Having fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent 1. In an engine indicator having a reciprocating rotary motor consisting of a cylinder at provided with two inlet ports a, two fixed abutmeuts a two outlets d and a double piston 17, the combination with the inlet ports a, of two passages communicating with the inlets a but separated from each other by a solid part giving support to the cylinder between the ports a, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. In an engine indicator, the combination of a reciprocating rotary motor of the character herein described, with a cap a inclosing the outlet ports and provided with an outlet at the lower end, and a cylindrically coiled reaction spring 0 surrounding the piston axis and adjustably connected at one end therewith and at the other end with a plate 0 guided by fixed pins a substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In an engine indicator, the combination with a rotary motor and reaction spring of the character above described,of a diagram tracer e fixed on one end of piston axis, a pivoted bracket 9 carrying guides g, a paper carrying slide f working in such guides, segmentally curved jaws f and spring jawsf fixed to the slide, a narrow segmen tally curved table 9 to support the record paper, means for connect- IIO ing the slidef to a moving part of the engine, and a reaction spring acting upon the slide, substantially as herein shown and described.

t. In an engine indicator of the character above described, the combination with the pivoted bracket g, of a finger piece g fixed thereto, a finger piece g fixed to the indicator frame B, and a spring g acting to keep the record paper out of contact with the tracer 6 except when tne finger pieces g g are pressed toward each other, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. In an engine indicator of the character above described, the combination with the slidef, of a drnmj having a hollow axisj', a hollow'spindle is carrying such drum, a coiled spring m Within the spindle 76 connected at the upper end with the hollow axis j and adjustably connected at the lower end with the hollow spindle 7t, a cord z'passing around the drnmj and connected at one end to one end of the slidefand at the other to a moving part of the en ine, and a cord Zpassing round the drum j and connected at one end to the opposite end of the slidefand at the other to said drninj, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.

6. In an engine indicator of the character above described, the combination with the motor, of mechanism limiting the action of the piston and consisting of apivoted pin 0 loosely fitting a transverse hole U in the piston axis, a worm or tooth segment 0 carrying said pin 0, and means for operating saidlimitino; mechanism, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.

7. In an engine indicator provided with mechanism for limiting the motion of the piston axis, the combination therewith, of means for removably attaching snch mechanism to the motor, substantially as herein shown and described.

M. J. WAYNE.

Witnesses:

WM. ltlonnis, 101 St. ilfm'zf'ins Lane, London. CLAUDE K. MILLS, Southampton Buildings, London. 

